Who’s Driving Chinese-Language
Misinformation Trends on X?

By Ava Hu

Late at night, “Moreless” puts  child to bed, switches  keyboard to Chinese, and begins another round of digital detective work.

Tonight’s keyword: “拒绝国王” (“No Kings”), a reference to a day of nationwide protests against President Donald Trump on June 14, 2025. Earlier in the day, Moreless had screenshotted a few suspicious posts on X from accounts that appeared to be Chinese “current affairs” influencers — one suggesting a Walmart heiress was funding the protests, another pointing fingers at a billionaire in Shanghai. Now, they were digging deeper.

This is Moreless’ fifth year as a freelance fact-checker. They asked to use a pseudonym due to concerns about retaliation. “Moreless” is the name of their Chinese-language fact-check blog, which has garnered over 2,500 followers. By day, they work as a cybersecurity engineer, seldom talking politics with coworkers. Few colleagues know that at night, Moreless tracks viral misinformation across platforms.

The Walmart heiress rumor they had seen earlier was already gaining traction on Chinese-language platforms. Through searches, Moreless traced its origin to several apparently U.S.-based X accounts active in political commentary, which had posted images of an advertisement in The New York Times promoting the “No Kings” protest. At the bottom, the ad read, “Paid for by Christy Walton,” the daughter-in-law of Walmart founder Sam Walton.

The image was translated into Chinese and reposted by Chinese political commentary accounts on X. As it circulated, the content drifted further out of context. One article on WeChat claimed, “Walmart heiress behind America’s largest protest.” In the public group chats that Moreless follows, some were already calling the protesters “paid American actors.”

This kind of misinformation flow has become increasingly well oiled since the start of the 2024 U.S. presidential election season, creating a pipeline between English- and Chinese-language audiences in the U.S.

西行小宝2.0
西行小宝X,发布同名电报重要新闻和时政分析。
3,477 Following
16.5K Followers
曹長青
美籍華裔保守派評論員。
6 Following
364.5K Followers
悉尼奶爸 SydneyDaddy 雪梨奶爸 🇦🇺🇮🇱
Youtuber: http://bit.ly/2tJ7Rui 堂堂正正做人,踏踏实实要饭 不差钱的打发点呗
2,593 Following
114.3K Followers
悉尼奶爸 SydneyDaddy 雪梨奶爸 🇦🇺🇮🇱
悉尼奶爸 SydneyDaddy 雪梨奶爸 🇦🇺🇮🇱 @SydneyDaddy1 · Apr 25

突发!川普正在参加白宫记者协会晚宴的时候,现场突然传来枪响

Breaking News! Gunshots suddenly rang out at the White House Correspondents' Association Dinner while Trump was attending

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西行小宝2.0
西行小宝2.0 @usa912152217 · Apr 25

⚠️⚠️⚠️突发:川普总统今晚举行白宫记者晚会发生前,一名加州枪手试图执行暗杀被抓。...在随后的记者会上,川普揭示白宫这座建筑并不安全,这就是为何他要重修,'我们需要此前没有见过的安全标准..我们需要白宫舞厅,军队需要它!'。

⚠️⚠️⚠️ BREAKING: A California gunman was caught tonight attempting to assassinate President Trump before the WHCD...At a later presser, Trump revealed the building is unsafe—hence his renovation plans: "We need security standards like never before... We need a White House Ballroom; the Military needs it!

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悉尼奶爸 SydneyDaddy 雪梨奶爸 🇦🇺🇮🇱
悉尼奶爸 SydneyDaddy 雪梨奶爸 🇦🇺🇮🇱 @SydneyDaddy1 · Apr 25

特勤局否决了川普返回继续发表演说,今晚演讲取消,未来30天重新排期,老头估计郁闷了,特么刚刚咋就忘了fight fight fight了呢

The Secret Service vetoed Trump's return to finish the speech. Tonight is canceled; rescheduled for within 30 days. The old man's gotta be frustrated—how the hell did he forget to "fight, fight, fight" just now?

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悉尼奶爸 SydneyDaddy 雪梨奶爸 🇦🇺🇮🇱
悉尼奶爸 SydneyDaddy 雪梨奶爸 🇦🇺🇮🇱 @SydneyDaddy1 · Apr 25

为什么川普遇刺,一群土鳖把枪口对准姜伟嘉? 说她指手画脚的,说她给枪手打暗号的,说她绊倒撤离的川普的 福建人养的怎么了?CBS记者怎么了?质问过川普又怎么了?老公的创投公司红杉投过钱又怎么了?

Why is it that after Trump's assassination attempt, a bunch of "local bumpkins" turned their sights on Weijia Jiang? They're claiming she was bossing people around, that she was signaling the shooter, or even that she tried to trip Trump while he was being evacuated. So what if she was raised by Fujianese immigrants?

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曹長青
曹長青 @CaoChangqing · Apr 26

在白宫记者协会中枪击时,川普的幕僚长米勒马上用身体护住怀孕的妻子,战争部长赫格塞斯也立即起身靠近妻子加以呵护,都没有惊慌失措,第一时间想到的是保护自己的亲人。而那个CBS华裔白宫记协主席,惊慌地逃去后台,根本不管自己家人——在台下有她父母,还有她7岁的女儿。这是一个什么女人

When the shooting happened at the White House Correspondents' Dinner, Trump's Chief of Staff Miller immediately shielded his pregnant wife with his body, and Secretary of War Hegseth also immediately got up to protect his wife. Neither panicked; their first instinct was to protect their loved ones. Meanwhile, that Chinese-American CBS WHCA president fled to backstage in panic, completely ignoring her family—her parents and 7-year-old daughter were in the audience. What kind of woman is this?

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曹長青
曹長青 @CaoChangqing · Apr 26

要冲进白宫记协晚宴开枪的凶手的动机已查明:要枪杀川普政府官员,要从最高层开始,显然把川普总统当作第一目标...这个凶手支持民主党,支持变性,反川普,反基督教,支持乌克兰。典型的左疯。

The motive of the shooter who tried to storm the WHCA dinner has been identified: to assassinate Trump administration officials, starting from the very top, clearly making President Trump the primary target. This shooter supports the Democratic Party, supports transgenderism, is anti-Trump, anti-Christian, and supports Ukraine. A typical radical leftist.

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曹長青
曹長青 @CaoChangqing · Apr 26

一个女宾乘混乱偷走两瓶酒。连瓶酒都偷,其道德已低到怎么可能在乎真实和客观这些媒体原则。美国的记者都烂到这种地步,哪还是第四权,已变成特权霉体。

a female guest who took advantage of the chaos to steal two bottles of wine. Stealing bottles of wine—her morals are so low that how could she possibly care about principles like truth and objectivity in journalism. American journalists have rotted to this extent; they're no longer the fourth estate, they've turned into a privileged moldy media.

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西行小宝2.0
西行小宝2.0 @usa912152217 · Apr 28

4/28/26🔥🔥川普在周末经历"暗杀未遂"后,第二天就接受了60分钟的采访。左媒体CNBC不放过这次埋汰川普的机会,竟然朗读枪手的宣言,称他的目标是"川普政府的强奸犯和恋童癖"。川普立刻对这位采访的主持Norah O'Donnell进行了当面反击。 "我刚才等着你把那段读出来,因为我知道你会读的——因为你们是很糟糕的人。" "你读那些话应该感到羞耻,我根本不是那些说的那样。"

4/28/26: 🔥🔥Just one day after surviving an "assassination attempt" over the weekend, Trump sat down for an interview with 60 Minutes. The leftist outlet CNBC didn't miss the chance to drag him, actually reading the shooter's manifesto aloud—claiming his targets were the "rapists and pedophiles of the Trump administration." Trump immediately fired back at the host, Norah O'Donnell, right to her face. "I was waiting for you to read that, because I knew you would—because you're very bad people." "You should be ashamed of yourself for reading that. I'm none of those things."

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Publishers, owners and other corporate executives, especially advertising sales executives, could try to use their powers over journalists to influence how news is reported and published. For this reason, journalists traditionally relied on top management to create and maintain a "firewall" between the news and other departments in a news organization to prevent undue influence on the news department.

There are over 242 codes of ethics in journalism that vary across various regions of the world.

Keyword Overlap Across Accounts

Hover to see shared keywords · click any circle to explore

调查 Invest.选举 Election联邦 Federation控制 Control安全 Safe起诉 Sue白宫 White House问题 Question欧洲 Europe左派 Leftist左媒 Left Media保守派 Conserv.澳洲 Australia习近平 Xi Jinping视频 Video中共 CCP反对 Object宣布 Announce拜登 Biden共和党 Republicans非法 Illegal中国 China台湾 Taiwan政治 Politics美国 USA川普 Trump总统 President政府 Government

Publishers, owners and other corporate executives, especially advertising sales executives, could try to use their powers over journalists to influence how news is reported and published. For this reason, journalists traditionally relied on top management to create and maintain a "firewall" between the news and other departments in a news organization to prevent undue influence on the news department.

There are over 242 codes of ethics in journalism that vary across various regions of the world.

Topic Sentiment Analysis

Average sentiment score per topic (0 = Negative, 1 = Positive). Hover over bars for details.

Publishers, owners and other corporate executives, especially advertising sales executives, could try to use their powers over journalists to influence how news is reported and published. For this reason, journalists traditionally relied on top management to create and maintain a "firewall" between the news and other departments in a news organization to prevent undue influence on the news department.

Leader Sentiment Analysis

Average sentiment score per political figure (0 = Negative, 1 = Positive).

Publishers, owners and other corporate executives, especially advertising sales executives, could try to use their powers over journalists to influence how news is reported and published. For this reason, journalists traditionally relied on top management to create and maintain a "firewall" between the news and other departments in a news organization to prevent undue influence on the news department.

Posting Behavior · Burst Timeline

Each dot is one tweet (x = date, y = UTC hour of day). Blue dots fall within a detected burst session — an unusually rapid sequence of posts. Hover a blue dot to read the tweet.

Cao Changqing
Cao Changqing @CaoChangqing
Sydney Daddy
Sydney Daddy @SydneyDaddy1
Xi Xing Xiao Bao 2.0
Xi Xing Xiao Bao 2.0 @usa912152217

Publishers, owners and other corporate executives, especially advertising sales executives, could try to use their powers over journalists to influence how news is reported and published. For this reason, journalists traditionally relied on top management to create and maintain a "firewall" between the news and other departments in a news organization to prevent undue influence on the news department.

There are over 242 codes of ethics in journalism that vary across various regions of the world.

Temporal Posting Patterns

Comparing frequency of posts across users (Scale max: 136)

Posts
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106
91
76
60
45
30
15
0
usa912152217
Election Cycle
Post-Inauguration
24 03
24 04
24 05
24 06
24 07
24 08
24 09
24 10
24 11
24 12
25 01
25 02
25 03
25 04
25 05
25 06
25 07
25 08
25 09
25 10
25 11
25 12
26 01
Mon
102
66
43
64
67
62
67
67
57
68
67
122
88
46
45
32
10
42
39
21
29
48
45
Tue
95
82
38
70
47
50
57
71
65
77
66
99
80
78
62
36
10
38
47
18
20
50
31
Wed
74
75
71
52
56
56
43
71
66
49
99
136
81
64
45
37
13
42
32
24
25
35
36
Thu
84
55
66
51
47
76
79
62
69
53
85
108
67
35
59
16
18
36
19
24
38
26
36
Fri
110
70
64
43
56
78
43
62
71
53
57
82
91
44
40
19
9
64
18
22
33
31
37
Sat
81
33
23
44
25
83
42
53
53
46
38
101
45
26
31
12
20
14
9
35
11
5
Less posts
during
weekends
Sun
73
69
55
59
35
64
69
42
32
54
31
73
70
33
28
28
1
23
4
5
16
5
42

Governments have widely varying policies and practices towards journalists, which control what they can research and write, and what press organizations can publish. Some governments guarantee the freedom of the press; while other nations severely restrict what journalists can research or publish.

This template works with curly quotes as well, although it doesn’t look as nice in the code. Below is a block template that surrounds an embedded image that we want to appear fullscreen.